Hello everyone,
I’m trying to run a YOLOv8 object detection model in a React application using onnxruntime-web. My goal is to use the WebGL backend for hardware acceleration and good performance.
I am consistently encountering the error: Error: no available backend found. ERR: [webgl] backend not found..
The strange part is that the application successfully loads and runs the exact same model when I use the wasm backend. The issue occurs exclusively with webgl.
My Environment:
Platform: React (created with Create React App)
Library: onnxruntime-web (latest version)
Server: Node.js (Express) behind an Nginx Reverse Proxy
Hosting: Production server (not localhost) with a valid SSL certificate (Let’s Encrypt)
Browser: Chrome (latest)
WebGL Support: Confirmed via get.webgl.org. Additionally, the official onnxruntime-web demo works perfectly in the same browser.
What I’ve Tried So Far - The Debugging Journey:
I have gone through every possible solution I can think of:
Server Configuration (Nginx):
MIME Types: I’ve ensured that Nginx’s global mime.types file is configured to serve files with .wasm and .mjs extensions with the correct content types (application/wasm and application/javascript, respectively).
Security Headers: I have added all the required headers to the site’s Nginx configuration file to create a “Secure Context” for advanced capabilities:
Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy: same-origin
Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy: require-corp
Content-Security-Policy (with permissive settings for testing)
Header Verification: I have confirmed using the browser’s developer tools (Network tab) that the browser is receiving all these headers with the correct values.
Configuration Isolation: I created a separate, clean configuration file for the site to prevent any potential conflicts.
Client-Side (React):
Library Loading: I am loading ort.min.js directly in index.html via a
Project-X
- Nginx Configuration (Relevant server block):
HTTPS - projectx.saharm.com (Frontend)
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
server_name projectx.saharm.com www.projectx.saharm.com;
root /home/saharm123456/apps/ProjectX/front;
index index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
}
# Security headers to enable a Secure Context
add_header Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy "same-origin" always;
add_header Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy "require-corp" always;
add_header Content-Security-Policy "script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' blob:; object-src 'none'; base-uri 'self';" always;
# SSL Config
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/projectx.saharm.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/projectx.saharm.com/privkey.pem;
include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf;
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem;
}
My Question:
Given that: a. The server is sending all security headers (COOP, COEP, CSP) correctly (verified in dev tools). b. The server is serving .wasm and .mjs files with the correct MIME types. c. The official ONNX Runtime demo works in the same browser. d. The wasm backend works perfectly.
What else could be preventing the WebGL backend from initializing? Is there a hidden Nginx setting, a browser security policy, or a build step I’m missing that could consistently cause this failure?
I feel like I’m missing one small but critical detail. Any help or ideas would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you!